Saturday, December 24, 2005


What is Hepatitis C?(NC)-Hepatitis C is (Hepatitis C Infection) an infectious

What is Hepatitis C?

(NC)-Hepatitis C is an infectious virus that is carried in the blood and harms the liver. About 240,000 Canadians are infected, many of whom are unaware that they even have it. The number of people with hepatitis C is increasing in Canada and around the world, primarily among those who share needles and other drug equipment. An estimated 5,000 Canadians - mostly young people - get this virus each year. p>

Although the hepatitis C virus has been around for a long time, it was only identified in 1989. It causes inflammation of the liver, which often progresses to cirrhosis (scarring that makes it difficult for the liver to function normally). Of the estimated 5,000 people that are newly infected each year, up to 70 percent experience no symptoms. For some, symptoms may not show up for 20 or 30 years. In the meantime, they may, unknowingly, be infecting others. That is why it is important to know if you are at risk and how to take preventative action.

If you think you have hepatitis C, or that you may be at risk, visit your doctor and ask for the simple blood test for this disease. For more information, contact a health care professional, and visit Health Canada's Web site at www.healthcanada.ca/hepc.

About The Author

News Canada provides a wide selection of current, ready-to-use copyright free news stories and ideas for Television, Print, Radio, and the Web.

News Canada is a niche service in public relations, offering access to print, radio, television, and now the Internet media, with ready-to-use, editorial "fill" items. Monitoring and analysis are two more of our primary services. The service supplies access to the national media for marketers in the private, the public, and the not-for-profit sectors. Your corporate and product news, consumer tips and information are packaged in a variety of ready-to-use formats and are made available to every Canadian media organization including weekly and daily newspapers, cable and commercial television stations, radio stations, as well as the Web sites Canadians visit most often. Visit News Canada and learn more about the NC services.


Friday, December 23, 2005


Hepatitis C Infection - Viropharma Incorporated | Therapeutic Focus | HCV-796


Viropharma Incorporated | Therapeutic Focus | HCV-796
virus (HCV). Together with Wyeth, ViroPharma has discovered multiple, chemically distinct compound series that target the RNA replication process (RNA Polymerase) of HCV. The current focus of the

U.S. Census Bureau People Topics
Main page to access topics for population characteristics. Population and Household Economic Topics 00:49 GMT (EST+5) Dec 24, 2005 More Population Clocks Population Finder Enable Javascript for access

Hepatitis C HCV treatments .. Save a life Beat Hepatitis C
Beat chronic hep c virus ( HCV) with alternative medicine treatment and herbal supplements including milk thistle, natcell thymus to prevent liver disease. Hepatitis C - Save a Life HCV

Hepatitis C Infection - Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Pathogenesis in Liver Transplant Recipients


Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Pathogenesis in Liver Transplant Recipients
... Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Pathogenesis in Liver Transplant Recipients ... disease in humans infected with hepatitis C virus. HCV infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease and ...

America's Blood Centers :: HCV Lookback
Statement by ABC in support of FDA HCV Lookback policies. 1-888-USBLOOD ... The 1992 test for Hepatitis C (HCV) has virtually eliminated the risk of becoming infected by HCV, according to discussions at a recent ...

Preventing HCV in Scotland: Options for action (PDF)
... Preventing HCV in Scotland: Options for action ... 22333_mm_hcv_blet 18/3/02 4:00 Page 1 ...

PharmaCare Pharmacy- HCV Treatment Resources
HCV Treatment Options and Approach - a clinical pharmacy resource ... HCV Clinical Resource. To speak with a PharmaCare pharmacist or representative, Call ... Currently there is no cure or vaccine for HCV, however medications are available to slow down or ...

CAT Scan (Hepatitis C Infection)


CAT Scan
Title: CAT ScanCategory: Procedures and TestsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2005

Two Studies Recruiting HCV Patients
Sho-saiko-to is the number one liver remedy in Japan. It has been prescribed to over 1.5 million patients (in Japan, doctors medically prescribe certain natural remedies, just like doctors prescribe pharmaceutical drugs in the U.S.). Based on the large body...

Liver Blood Tests
Title: Liver Blood TestsCategory: Procedures and TestsCreated: 6/2/1998Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2005

Hepatitis C
Title: Hepatitis CCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 9/17/2005

Hepatitis, Viral (Hepatitis C Infection)


Hepatitis, Viral
Management of viral hepatitis C. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17 Suppl: S146-S154. Liaw YF, Leung NW, Chang TT, et al. Effects of extended lamivudine ...

Viral hepatitis C - Dr. Wu's liver disease
Viral hepatitis C. (Key words: HCV, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis C). For consumers:. Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV), ...

New and Future Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis C
New and Future Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis C. This article first appeared in the Spring/Summer 2001 edition of the American Liver Foundation, ...

HIV and Hepatitis.com Coverage of the 45th Interscience Conference ...


HIV and Hepatitis.com Coverage of the 45th Interscience Conference ...
Is HCV Viral Load a Predictor of Progression of Chronic Hepatitis C? - 12/13/05 FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to VX-950, an Experimental Oral Hepatitis ...

Management of Chronic Hepatitis C: Clinical Focus
How well do the results of initial liver biopsy predict measures of disease progression and outcomes of treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C, ...

Hepatitis C: All-about-hepatitisC treatments, risk factors, and ...
Chronic hepatitis C can have serious consequences, including liver cirrhosis, ... Chronic hepatitis C can be a serious disease if left untreated, ...

Hepatitis, A,B,C, Liver Disorders Forum - Hep C (Hepatitis C Infection) And Colloidal Silver?? Anyone Know Anything?


Hepatitis, A,B,C, Liver Disorders Forum - Hep C And Colloidal Silver?? Anyone Know Anything?
... Location: Missouri. Hep C And Colloidal Silver?? Anyone Know Anything? ... I have read some testimonials from people, with hep c, who swear that they have improved drastically or ...

Heart And Soul: Me 'n' Hep C
Heart And Soul: Me 'n' Hep C. Recovering alcoholic and addict with hepatitis C, genotype 2B. Treatment with interferon (180mcg/week) and ribavarin (1g daily) 15 Feb 05 through 11 May 05. ... avoided writing in here or even reading other Hep C blogs for several months ...

HCV Advocate.org
Up-to-date and accurate information about treatment hepatitis C.

Hepatitis C the Silent Killer
... the blood being donated that maybe now the goverment will see exactly just how many have Hep C ... have read documents where people with Hep C have been completely Cured ...

Pegleg's Hep C Site
... Welcome to Pegleg's Hep C Site ... It was then that I realized I had contracted the Hep C virus from a blood transfusion in the mid 80's when I ...

Hepatitis C Infection - Vertex hepatitis C drug gets fast track


Vertex hepatitis C drug gets fast track
WRGB - (Cambridge, MASS - AP) Vertex Pharmaceuticals has received a "fast track" designation from regulators for a hepatitis C therapy they're developing. The Cambridge-based company's shares rose more than two-percent 56 cents, or 2.2 percent in early

News from
999 Today - The longer a woman takes to conceive, the more likely she is to have a boy, new research suggests. Infections may trigger childhood cancers Common infections affecting mother and baby could play a key role in triggering certain types of cancer, new

Coffee and tea might reduce liver disease risks
Food Production Daily - 06/12/2005 - Drinking more than two cups of coffee or tea daily appears to cut the risk of chronic liver disease by half, reports new research from America. The principle finding of this large, national, population-based prospective study was that

Texas scientists discover how a hepatitis C protein promotes liver
EurekAlert - GALVESTON, Texas--Scientists at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) have identified a key biochemical connection between the hepatitis C virus and liver cancer. The molecular mechanism is similar to the one that links the human

Thousands infected with hepatitis C
999 Today - Around 4,500 people in England and Wales are living with severe liver disease, including cirrhosis, liver failure or liver cancer, as a result of having a chronic hepatitis C infection, a new report has found. The Health Protection Agency (HPA

Thursday, December 22, 2005


Viropharma Incorporated | Therapeutic Focus (Hepatitis C Infection) |


Viropharma Incorporated | Therapeutic Focus |
virus (

The Network
counseling and treatment adherence support services for people co-infected with hepatitis C (

Genotyping -


Hepatitis C (Hepatitis C Infection)


Hepatitis C
... vaginosis Yeast infection STI overview Chlamydia Gonorrhea Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Herpes Genital warts Pelvic Inflam ... What is hepatitis C? Hepatitis C is a serious liver disease ...

Hepatitis C in Black American Women
Why is Hepatitis C an Important Medical Problem? ... Hepatitis C has the potential to be a very serious medical problem because most people who become infected ... 20% of individuals infected with Hepatitis C have a much worse experience ...

Hepatitis C: Online Reference For Health Concerns
Hepatitis C - overview, phases, causes, symptoms and treatment information. ... Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the cause of most cases of hepatitis in the United States, and the ... was renamed HCV. Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) can progress slowly and end ...

eMedicine Health: Hepatitis C
provides an overview of hepatitis C and its causes, symptoms, and treatment.

Wednesday, December 21, 2005


Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (Hepatitis C Infection) after


Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome after
BioMed Central - This study used data from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS), using standard analysis files (SAF's) as of May 2000. The USRDS, indirectly mandated by federal law, incorporates baseline and follow-up demographic and clinical data on all

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease -- New Insight Into a Major Cause of
Medscape News - Research presented during this year's meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) addressed important advances in our understanding of the hepatic consequences of obesity -- nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a

Aethlon CEO to Provide Human Clinical Study Update at New York Society
Genetic Engineering News - Aethlon Medical is pioneering the development of immunotherapeutic devices able to mimic the immune response of clearing viruses and viral toxins from circulation. The Company's lead product, the Hemopurifier(TM), converges the established principals

SA truck sales going from strength to strength, says Nissan
Business Report - Johannesburg - November figures have confirmed that the recent strength of truck sales in South Africa has not been a transient phase, but has become a well-established feature of the national business environment," Nissan Diesel South Africa

Patients with Hepatitis C using more healthcare resources, USA
Medical News Today - Use of the nation's health care resources by patients with Hepatitis C has been rising 25 to 30 percent per year says a study in the December 2005 issue of Hepatology, the official journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

Reporting Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection (Hepatitis C Infection)


Reporting Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection
Reporting Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection ... A confirmed case of chronic HCV infection is defined as a case that has tested positive for HCV by anti-HCV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) plus ...

This monograph is designed for physicians who treat patients with HCV infection or HIV/HCV coinfection. (PDF)
Education. Initiative in. Infectious. Disease. Expert Perspectives III: Strategies for the. Management of. HIV/HCV Coinfection. Monograph. This monograph is designed for physicians who treat patients with. HCV infection or HIV/HCV coinfection.

HCV
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV): Originally one source of non-A non-B hepatitis (~90%?), hepatitis C virus (HCV) was first definitively identified by molecular cloning of the virus genome in 1989 (Choo et al, Science 244: 359-62, 1989). ... this has hampered investigations. The HCV genome consists of a positive-sense ...

HIV-HCV Coinfection Articles
... Top Articles This Week. HCV RNA Predicts Death from End Stage Liver Disease ... their NIH study in injection drug users, "HCV RNA level is a predictor of end stage ...

Tuesday, December 20, 2005


Hepatitis C Infection - Ways You Can Get Infected With Hepatitis C(NC)-Hepatitis C is

Ways You Can Get Infected With Hepatitis C

(NC)-Hepatitis C is spread through contact with infected blood. Here are just some of the ways in which you can be infected with this virus:

Sharing needles, straws, pipes, spoons and other drug-related equipment.

(At least two-thirds of all new hepatitis C infections are drug-use related. Cleaning equipment with bleach does not always effectively kill the virus) p>

Getting a tattoo, body piercing or acupuncture from an operator who does not use sterile equipment or techniques

Being born to a mother with hepatitis C

Getting pierced by a needle or sharp equipment that has infected blood on it ( in a hospital, workplace situation, etc.) p>

People who had blood transfusions before the testing of blood donations became mandatory in 1990 may also be at risk. And, while the risk is low, it is also possible to become infected by sharing personal household articles such as a razor or toothbrush with an infected person. The risk of transmission of hepatitis C during sex is also low, unless both parties have open bleeding sores.

It is estimated that 240, 000 people in Canada are currently infected with hepatitis C, of whom only 30% know they have the virus.

If you think you may be at risk, either now or from past risky activities see a doctor. The virus can be detected with a simple blood test, and there are steps and medications you can take to successfully minimize the effects of the disease if your diagnosis is positive. For more information, visit Health Canada's Web site at www.healthcanada.ca/hepc.

About The Author

News Canada provides a wide selection of current, ready-to-use copyright free news stories and ideas for Television, Print, Radio, and the Web.

News Canada is a niche service in public relations, offering access to print, radio, television, and now the Internet media, with ready-to-use, editorial "fill" items. Monitoring and analysis are two more of our primary services. The service supplies access to the national media for marketers in the private, the public, and the not-for-profit sectors. Your corporate and product news, consumer tips and information are packaged in a variety of ready-to-use formats and are made available to every Canadian media organization including weekly and daily newspapers, cable and commercial television stations, radio stations, as well as the Web sites Canadians visit most often. Visit News Canada and learn more about the NC services.



Nutrition and Diet Recommendations for people with Chronic Hepatitis C (Hepatitis C Infection)


Nutrition and Diet Recommendations for people with Chronic Hepatitis C
HepCnet Logo, Hepatitis C information and support, hep c information, The Hep C Stuff Archive. The official repository for every member of HepCnet to

Hep-C ALERT Welcome Page
Details about this nonprofit organization which is dedicated to raising awareness of, and assisting people affected by Hepatitis C. Includes news and Q&As

Fact Sheets
PDF Hep C Meds PDF Hepatitis Vaccines New PDF Herbs PDF HIV-HCV Coinfection PDF Hygiene Items PDF Immune System PDF Liver PDF Medication Guide PDF Methadone

A Summary of Chronic Hepatitis C InfectionHepatitis C is a (Hepatitis C Infection)

A Summary of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Hepatitis C is a stealthy virus that mutates while hiding in liver cells and other organ cells like the spleen and gall bladder. The fact that the viral cells "hide" makes it very difficult for the body's immune system to eradicate it. Hepatitis C is a slowly progressing disease sometimes taking many years until symptoms are noticeable. It is at this point that the virus has reached advanced chronic stage and becomes difficult to eradicate. Hepatitis C results in 8,000 to 10,000 deaths annually. Hepatitis C is also the leading cause of liver transplants in the U.S.

Hepatitis C infection is caused by blood contact with someone who has the virus infection himself. The transmission of the virus can occur by illicit drug use with needles, sharing toothbrushes or razors with an infected person, by sexual means, by unsanitary tattooing or by exposure to blood at your workplace (like a hospital or blood bank). Some HCV infection may have been caused by receiving blood from a transfusion prior to 1992.

Hepatitis C is diagnosed via a blood test. Usually, the first thing that is noticed is that the liver enzyme levels for ALT and AST are elevated well above normal levels. Further investigation via HCV-RNA testing identifies whether the Hepatitis C virus is in your blood or not. Other tests for HCV include qualitative viral load tests, which measure the RNA particles in your blood. If you are being treated for HCV, your doctor is probably using either a HCV-RNA or viral load test to determine the effectiveness of the treatment.

The symptoms of Hepatitis C infection often do not occur in a person until 20 years after he/she had been infected. Since the HCV infects the liver and the liver is the organ in the body that makes all the energy for our daily activities possible, liver function deterioration often results in fatigue. Fatigue is the primary complaint or symptom of HCV infection. Other more severe symptoms are jaundice (yellowing of the skin/eyes), bile retention (which can cause jaundice), portal vein hypertension, skin rashes and itching, and autoimmune problems resulting from your body's immune system attacking normal cells.

Long term HCV infection may result in fibrosis or even cirrhosis of the liver. Fibrosis results from unchecked liver inflammation. As the HCV infection progresses, the damage to the liver results in scarring or hardening of the liver cells (fibrosis). Long term fibrosis may lead to cirrhosis which is when the scarring from fibrosis overtakes the normal liver cell structure causing deformity and loss of function in the liver. About 15%-20% of HCV patients end up with cirrhosis. A liver biopsy is currently the most accurate means of determining the amount of inflammation and fibrosis the liver has sustained.

Hepatitis C progression in the body can take several years or even decades to come to chronic stage or to a stage where severe liver damage is evident. This period of time allows a person to determine how to properly treat the disease and to decide on a course of disease management. Currently, the main treatment for HCV infection to eradicate the virus is combo alpha-interferon and Ribavirin. Sometimes a doctor may prescribe interferon alone. Interferon comes in standard form or in pegylated form. Standard form interferon is administered 3 times per week, while the pegylated form is administered only once per week. Your body makes its own interferon, which is a protein that fights viral infection and viral replication.

Hepatitis C may often be managed by taking herbal and vitamin supplements that help your body fight infection and limit inflammation. These supplements help your liver with the inflammation and give it the nutrients it needs to regenerate healthy new cells. Your doctor can recommend alternative or adjunct solutions you may want to try.

Proper treatment of the disease, a healthy and active lifestyle, a good diet, abstinence from alcohol and stress management are important factors in controlling Hepatitis C progression.

About the Author

Greg Lietz is a freelance writer and internet businessman. His main website is http://www.theonlinebizplace.com where he provides content about internet based business opportunities and different niche interests. This article may be freely printed when the bio information is included.

Hepatitis C Infection - What is Hepatitis C?(NC)-Hepatitis C is an infectious virus that

What is Hepatitis C?

(NC)-Hepatitis C is an infectious virus that is carried in the blood and harms the liver. About 240,000 Canadians are infected, many of whom are unaware that they even have it. The number of people with hepatitis C is increasing in Canada and around the world, primarily among those who share needles and other drug equipment. An estimated 5,000 Canadians - mostly young people - get this virus each year. p>

Although the hepatitis C virus has been around for a long time, it was only identified in 1989. It causes inflammation of the liver, which often progresses to cirrhosis (scarring that makes it difficult for the liver to function normally). Of the estimated 5,000 people that are newly infected each year, up to 70 percent experience no symptoms. For some, symptoms may not show up for 20 or 30 years. In the meantime, they may, unknowingly, be infecting others. That is why it is important to know if you are at risk and how to take preventative action.

If you think you have hepatitis C, or that you may be at risk, visit your doctor and ask for the simple blood test for this disease. For more information, contact a health care professional, and visit Health Canada's Web site at www.healthcanada.ca/hepc.

About The Author

News Canada provides a wide selection of current, ready-to-use copyright free news stories and ideas for Television, Print, Radio, and the Web.

News Canada is a niche service in public relations, offering access to print, radio, television, and now the Internet media, with ready-to-use, editorial "fill" items. Monitoring and analysis are two more of our primary services. The service supplies access to the national media for marketers in the private, the public, and the not-for-profit sectors. Your corporate and product news, consumer tips and information are packaged in a variety of ready-to-use formats and are made available to every Canadian media organization including weekly and daily newspapers, cable and commercial television stations, radio stations, as well as the Web sites Canadians visit most often. Visit News Canada and learn more about the NC services.


Monday, December 19, 2005


Hepatitis C Infection - Novelos Therapeutics, Inc. Gets Green Light From FDA For Phase 3 Development In Lung Cancer


Novelos Therapeutics, Inc. Gets Green Light From FDA For Phase 3 Development In Lung Cancer
BioSpace - cancer and our second compound, NOV-205, targeting

(PRN) - Three Rivers Pharmaceuticals Announces FDA Final Approval of Ribasphere(R) (ribavirin, USP) Tablets 60
Bolsamania - Three Rivers Pharmaceuticals Announces FDA Final Approval of Ribasphere(R) (ribavirin, USP) Tablets 600mg, 400mg and 200mg for the Treatment of

MIGENIX Reports Second Quarter Fiscal 2006 Results
PR Newswire - MX-3253 (treatment of

Do Specific Antiretrovirals Increase the Risk of Therapy Discontinuation by HIV-HCV Coinfected Patients Due to
HIV and Hepatitis.com - HIV-HCV Coinfected Patients Receive Treatment for

Liver Cancer,
Grand Junction Daily Sentinel - News) -- Scientists have long noted a link between

MIGENIX Reports Second Quarter Results
BC Technology - MX-3253 (treatment of

Hepatitis Central, Chronic Hepatitis Symptoms


Hepatitis Central, Chronic Hepatitis Symptoms
Impairs Daily Functioning · Pruritis and the hepatitis C virus. Pruritis in chronic hepatitis C. (Itching). Ascites, Symptoms, Signs, and Diagnosis

Symptoms of Chronic Hepatitis C - WrongDiagnosis.com
Symptoms of Chronic Hepatitis C including medical symptoms and signs of Chronic Hepatitis C, symptoms, incubation period, duration, and correct diagnosis

Hepatitis C Complete health information regarding HCV on
Once established, chronic hepatitis C virus infection causes an inflammation of the liver called chronic hepatitis. This condition can progress to scarring

Sunday, December 18, 2005


Ways You Can Get Infected With Hepatitis C(NC)-Hepatitis C is (Hepatitis C Infection)

Ways You Can Get Infected With Hepatitis C

(NC)-Hepatitis C is spread through contact with infected blood. Here are just some of the ways in which you can be infected with this virus:

Sharing needles, straws, pipes, spoons and other drug-related equipment.

(At least two-thirds of all new hepatitis C infections are drug-use related. Cleaning equipment with bleach does not always effectively kill the virus) p>

Getting a tattoo, body piercing or acupuncture from an operator who does not use sterile equipment or techniques

Being born to a mother with hepatitis C

Getting pierced by a needle or sharp equipment that has infected blood on it ( in a hospital, workplace situation, etc.) p>

People who had blood transfusions before the testing of blood donations became mandatory in 1990 may also be at risk. And, while the risk is low, it is also possible to become infected by sharing personal household articles such as a razor or toothbrush with an infected person. The risk of transmission of hepatitis C during sex is also low, unless both parties have open bleeding sores.

It is estimated that 240, 000 people in Canada are currently infected with hepatitis C, of whom only 30% know they have the virus.

If you think you may be at risk, either now or from past risky activities see a doctor. The virus can be detected with a simple blood test, and there are steps and medications you can take to successfully minimize the effects of the disease if your diagnosis is positive. For more information, visit Health Canada's Web site at www.healthcanada.ca/hepc.

About The Author

News Canada provides a wide selection of current, ready-to-use copyright free news stories and ideas for Television, Print, Radio, and the Web.

News Canada is a niche service in public relations, offering access to print, radio, television, and now the Internet media, with ready-to-use, editorial "fill" items. Monitoring and analysis are two more of our primary services. The service supplies access to the national media for marketers in the private, the public, and the not-for-profit sectors. Your corporate and product news, consumer tips and information are packaged in a variety of ready-to-use formats and are made available to every Canadian media organization including weekly and daily newspapers, cable and commercial television stations, radio stations, as well as the Web sites Canadians visit most often. Visit News Canada and learn more about the NC services.



Patients with Hepatitis C using more healthcare resources (Hepatitis C Infection)


Patients with Hepatitis C using more healthcare resources
EurekAlert! - online via Wiley InterScience Chronic Hepatitis C virus (

Do Type and Duration of Antiretroviral Therapy Reduce the Severity of Liver Disease in HIVHCV Coinfected Patie
HIV and Hepatitis.com - Do Type and Duration of Antiretroviral Therapy Reduce the Severity of Liver Disease in HIV-

Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (VRTX) Announces Start Of Phase II Clinical Development For Investigationa
BioSpace - an investigational oral hepatitis C virus (


National AIDS Treatment Advocacy Project - Health Medical _

Publications and Resources - Bloodborne Pathogens Section - (Hepatitis C Infection) Blood